Can reappear as a liquid or solid when cooled, such as clouds, fog, rain, snow, etc.
·Each season has different weather conditions.
·A variety of data collection methods are used to track weather
·Identify and describe the variety of objects in the universe through first-hand observations using the unaided eye, binoculars or telescopes or videos and/or pictures from reliable sources.
·Observe and describe the stars and the planets as seen through a telescope, graphically in pictures or in video clips from reliable sources.
· Recognize that stars are like the sun, some are smaller and some larger.
· Recognize and describe that the stars are not all the same in apparent brightnesspattern of stars in the sky stays the same although their locations in the sky appear to change with the seasons.
·Recognize that the pattern of stars in the sky stays the same although their locations in the sky appear to change with the seasons.
· air substance oxygen water vapor (gas), pollen, dustcondensation Evaporation Precipitation Energy condensation, sun seasons stars universe
Assignment=Please copy these vocabulary questions
intoyour journal and answer them there.
Complete each sentence.
_______________
.
_______________
3.
In our area, the (water cycle, atmosphere, seasons) change from Spring to Summer to Fall to Winter.
_______________
4.
Both rain and snow are forms of (liquid, oxygen, precipitation) .
_______________
5.
(Aquifer, Condensation, Evaporation) is liquid water on the outside of a cold glass
_______________
7.
If the earth's axis wasn't tilted like it is, we would not have (precipitation, seasons, liquid) .
_______________
8.
Our solar system is made up of the planet Earth, the Moon, the (Sun, precipitation, atmosphere) , eight other planets and their satellites, and smaller objects, such as asteroids and comets.
.
.
_______________
13.
Austin uses pumps to bring up water from the Edwards (water cycle, Aquifer, sun) .
_______________
14.
Evaporation, (evaporation, condensation, water cycle) , and precipitation are the parts of the water cycle.
_______________
15.
We have had a lot of (condensation, evaporation, precipitation) this month.
_______________
16.
(Precipitation, Aquifer, Sun) can either be rain, sleet, or snow.
_______________
17.
(Evaporation, Precipitation, Energy) can be hail, sleet, rain, or snow.
_______________
18.
Lightning is one example of electrical (evaporation, energy, aquifer) .
_______________
19.
We saw a partial eclipse of the (condensation, sun, aquifer) last week.
_______________
20.
The Ogallala (evaporation, water cycle, aquifer) is a huge underground reservoir created millions of years ago.
_______________
21.
The rays of the (precipitation, energy, sun) are called sunshine.
_______________
23.
Walking is one form of using mechanical (precipitation, sun, energy) for humans.
Shapes of Water
ASSIGNMENT= Please click the video below and watch.
Then 1) Explain in your journal exactly what happened. and
2) Explain in your journal why you think it happened in the way it did?
The Water Cycle
A water molecule is called "H2O"
It's made of 2 hydrogen atoms (H + H) and one oxygen atom (O). H2O can be a VAPOR (a gas in the air), a LIQUID (what we usually think of as water or a SOLID (ice).
The sun is the "pump" that keeps water going around and around. To learn more, find H2O's path through the water cycle, starting in the center at number 1. When you get to each stage in the cycle, read its numbered explanation at the bottom of the page.
Water vapor gathers in clouds. Wind cools the vapor, turning it into a liquid (rain) or solid (snow, hail or sleet).
Gravity makes the water fall to earth.
Some water runs across the land into bodies of surface water -- lakes, streams, oceans, etc.
Other water soaks ("percolates") into the ground.
Percolated water is stored in the ground in "aquifers" (layers of rock, gravel and sand). This ground water slowly moves through the aquifer toward the sea.
Eventually, ground water becomes surface water, too. For example, it may bubble up through the ocean floor, or appear on the land as a spring.
The sun heats surface water, turning it into vapor that rises into the sky. And the cycle begins again!
Assignment=Please copy the "cycle" graphic organizer and complete it from the reading above about the water cycle.
The Stages of the Water Cycle
Assignment=Please copy these vocabulary questions
intoyour journal and answer them there.
Complete each sentence.
_______________
25.
One revolution around the (water cycle, condensation, sun) takes 365 days.
_______________
26.
Our rain gauge measured an inch of (condensation, aquifer, precipitation) .
_______________
27.
A generator changes mechanical or heat (condensation, precipitation, energy) into electricity.
_______________
28.
Some Southwestern farmers dig wells to find water in an (energy, water cycle, aquifer) .
_______________
29.
Volcanoes produce geothermal (water cycle, condensation, energy) .
_______________
30.
Transpiration is a kind (evaporation, precipitation, water cycle) .
_______________
31.
An (energy, aquifer, condensation) us a large body of water underground.
_______________
32.
A forecaster uses the term (precipitation, aquifer, water cycle) .
_______________
33.
The earth orbits the (sun, evaporation, energy) in an elliptical path.
_______________
34.
The process of (evaporation, aquifer, energy) is the change of state from liquid to gas.
_______________
35.
The (sun, energy, precipitation) was hot and cruel to my skin.
_______________
36.
Heat (sun, energy, water cycle) can be produced by rubbing your hands together.
Please read this article
Seasons reasons
Unless you live near the Earth's equator, you have no doubt noticed that the weather changes during the year: it is hotter during the Summer, colder in Winter, and somewhere in between during Spring and Fall. These are the seasons, a regular change in temperature, that repeat themselves every year, more or less regularly.
What causes these changes? The Sun is our main source of heat, and since these changes are the same every year, it surely has something to do with the movement of the Earth around the Sun. If we get closer to a fire, we get hotter. Could it be then that the Earth gets closer to the Sun during Summer, and farther during Winter? This idea seems at first to have some merit, until we remember that the seasons get reversed when we cross the equator: when it is Summer in the northern hemisphere, it is Winter in the southern one, and vice versa. And surely Argentina is at the same distance from the Sun as the USA!
Besides, that the Earth's orbit is an ellipse, not a circle, so that at some times the Earth is closer to the Sun than at others; but this ellipse is very nearly a circle, and the relatively small differences in distance to the Sun cannot account for the changes in temperature. And to make things worse, the Earth is closer to the Sun during the northern hemisphere Winter!
What, then, is, the cause of the seasons?
In the above animation, you can see the Earth during one full year (the animation then starts over again), as you would if you looked straight at it from the Sun. As you can see, the part of the Earth that is directly facing the sun changes with the time of the year. It is the northern half for a while, then moves south of the equator, only to move back to the north again.
Assignment=Please explain in your journal what the animation of the spinning Earth is teaching you.
Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer about "Season's Reasons.
What causes this? The Earth rotates around an imaginary line passing through the poles, called the axis. This line forms an angle (called the tilt) of 23.4° with the perpendicular to the orbit of the Earth around the Sun.
As the Earth moves around the Sun, this axis stays always pointing in the same direction. This means that, during part of the year, the northern part of the Earth will lean more directly against the sun, and during other parts the southern part will. What has this to do with temperature? Well, when the northern hemisphere is leaning away from the sun, the rays coming from it hit this part of the Earth at a smaller angle than on other parts of the world. This means that the same amount of light is distributed over a larger surface, and therefore these places receive less heat than the others. The southern hemisphere is experiencing Summer, the northern hemisphere Winter. In half a year, the situation reverses, and it is now Winter in the southern hemisphere since that part of the earth is now leaning away from the sun.
The seasons are then the result of this tilt of the Earth's axis. If the tilt of the Earth's axis was 0° there would be no difference in how the rays from the sun hit its different regions, and there would be no seasons.
Not all planets have the same kind of tilt as the Earth has: Uranus, for example, has a tilt of almost 98°. Its axis, then, lies almost on the plane of its orbit, and a day there lasts about as much as one year on Uranus: about 84 Earth-years.
Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer about the reasons for the seasons on planets.
Our solar system is made up of the planet Earth, the Moon, the (water cycle, aquifer, Sun) , eight other planets and their satellites, and smaller objects, such as asteroids and comets.
3.
_______________
4.
The (sun, energy, precipitation) always shines directly on the earth's equator.
_______________
5.
In Arizona, the rate of (sun, aquifer, evaporation) is high because of the dry air.
_______________
6.
(Condensation, Precipitation, Aquifer) is liquid water on the outside of a cold glass.
_______________
7.
All the planets in our solar system orbit the (sun, aquifer, evaporation) in an ellipitical path.
_______________
8.
When you wind the rubber band on a model airplane, you are storing mechanical (energy, condensation, aquifer) in the rubber band.
_______________
9.
There is lots of (condensation, sun, evaporation) on my soda can.
_______________
10.
(Evaporation, Energy, Precipitation) happens when water dries up.
_______________
11.
The rain gauge on top of the building was read at 9:00 A.M. showing 2 inches of (evaporation, aquifer, precipitation) had fallen during the night.
Humidity =WaterVapor
Water vapor is water in a gas form that is held in the air until it changes back to water. You know, sometimes it s sticky outside in the summer - that s just water held in the air. The water can change into fine droplets by "condensing" in the air, and we get clouds. When the droplets get big enough, they are pulled to the earth by gravity as precipitation, better known as rain, sleet, snow, hail, dew, or frost.
Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer about Humidity = Water Vapor.
When heat is added to (evaporation, universe, liquid) it changes to a gas.
_______________
27.
Autumn and spring are my favorite (liquid, sun, seasons) .
_______________
28.
Heat from the Sun warms water on Earth and changes it from a (universe, aquifer, liquid) to a gas.
_______________
29.
The water is in a (aquifer, liquid, gas) state of matter.
_______________
30.
There is oxygen and carbon dioxide in the Earth's (atmosphere, evaporation, condensation) .
_______________
31.
A crystal is a natural (liquid, evaporation, solid) with a definite shape.
_______________
32.
Our rain gauge measured an inch of (evaporation, precipitation, sun) .
_______________
33.
There are many planets in the (oxygen, atmosphere, universe) .
Evaporation
What is evaporation? Evaporation is changing a liquid (water) to a gas (wa-
ter vapor). Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate into a water vapor,
a gas. The warmer air containing the water vapor rises into the atmosphere,
and later condenses.
Why is evaporation important? If water did not evaporate what would
happen? Water would accumulate in the streams, and rivers and runoff into
the ocean. Water would not cycle back up into the atmosphere and it would
not rain.
Have you ever heard that cold air cannot hold as much water vapor as
warm air? What does this mean? Everything is made of moving molecules.
warm air? What does this mean? Everything is made of moving molecules.
As the temperature increases, the molecules move around faster. When the
temperature decreases, the molecules move slower. How fast the water
molecules move determines the phase that the water is in (solid, liquid, or
gas). For water, very fast moving molecules would be in the gas phase or
water vapor. What phase would very slow moving water molecules be in?
Ice. What phase would medium moving water molecules be in? Liquid water.
As temperature increases, the water molecules will move faster and faster.
Once they are moving fast enough, they will want to change phases. If the
water is in the ice phase, it will begin to melt. If the water molecules are in
the liquid phase, they will begin to evaporate and form water vapor.
Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer about "Evaporation".
Assignment= Please explain in your journal - Why is evaporation important?
Assignment=Please explain in your journal @ the message from the cartoon.
WATER
That's why it's important to use water wisely
Plants, animals and people need water to live
Human beings need about 2 quarts a day to digest food, transport wastes, keep cells alive, make blood and control body temperature. We get some of this water by drinking. Some comes from food -- an apple, for example, is about 3/4 water, and a ripe tomato is mostly water.
Nearly 2/3 of your body is water!
People also use water for:
cooking
bathing
cleaning
flushing toilets
growing food
making paper, steel and other products
making electricity
having fun
In too many cases, precious water is wasted in the process.
We're using water faster than we can recycle it!
Did you know that some parts of the country are actually running out of clean, drinkable water?
The average American uses about 100 gallons of water a day!
But only a small amount is used for cooking and drinking. Here are some other ways that families use water. The amount used depends on how long the water is turned on, and whether the family used water-saving appliances, shower heads, toilet tanks and faucets.
Match each picture with one of the water-saving tips below.
Shower:
2-5 gallons a minute
Bathroom Faucet:
2-5 gallons a minute
Water-Saving Tips
Turn this off while you brush your teeth.
Don't use this as a wastebasket.
Keep a container of water in the refridgerator instead of running the faucet to get a cold drink.
If that shirt is fairly clean, you could wear it again.
You may not need to rinse most cups and plates before filling this -- check with a parent.
Take a short one of these instead of a bath.
Toilet:
2-5 gallons a flush
Dishwasher:
25 gallons a load
Kitchen Sink:
2-5 gallons a minute
Washing Machine:
30 gallons a load
Assignment=Please explain in your journal @ the message from the cartoon.
Assignment=Please copy these questions into
your journal and answer them there.
VOCABULARY
We have had a lot of (precipitation, solid, sun) this month.
Gum is a sticky (water cycle, substance, sun) .
I got a (evaporation, atmosphere, solid) chocolate bunny for Easter.
(Aquifer, Gas, Oxygen) is an element.
The process of (sun, evaporation, condensation) is the change of state from liquid to gas.
Blood carries (gas, oxygen, liquid) and nutrients to the tissues.
Oxygen, Condensation, Universe) acts with iron to form rust.
(Sun, Precipitation, Evaporation) can either be rain, sleet, or snow.
The rays of the (substance, sun, gas) are called sunshine.
Heat (energy, water cycle, universe) can be produced by rubbing your hands together.
The water is in a (aquifer, liquid, gas) state of matter.
In the late 1920s, chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons (cloro-floro-carbons) or CFCs, were invented. These chemicals were not poisonous and didn't harm fabrics, plants or people. Companies thought they were great and used them in refrigerators, air conditioners, styrofoam packaging, and spray cans.
From the 1920s to the 1970s, billions of CFC molecules were released into the air.
In the 1970s, scientists began to wonder what might happen to all those CFCs after they had been in the air for a while. They eventually learned that CFCs could float past the troposphere up into the stratosphere where UV rays would break them down. The chemicals that make up CFCs, mainly chlorine and fluorine, would float around the stratosphere, breaking up ozone molecules.
This was bad, because scientists knew that ozone in the stratosphere protects the Earth from too many UV rays.
Assignment=Please explain in your journal what the problem is in the ozone layer. Explain how it happened as well.
Fixing the problem
In 1979, many countries, including the U.S., banned CFCs from being made or used. This was a big step toward fixing the problem. Today, no spray cans contain CFCs. Other chemicals are gradually replacing the CFCs in air conditioners.
But the CFCs already in the atmosphere can take up to 50 years to reach the stratosphere. Once there, they hang around in the stratosphere for many years, doing damage.
Also, the products that still contain CFCs need to be treated with care. One example of this is a car air conditioner. When the air conditioner breaks, or the car is taken to a junkyard, the CFCs need to be carefully taken out and recycled or stored so that they don't leak into the air.
Assignment=Please explain in your journal what people are doing to fix the problem in the ozone layer.
The future
Scientists originally predicted that the ozone layer would be the thinnest around 2008, then start recovering. But new research shows that other air pollution problems are slowing down the ozone layer's ability to rebound.
What you can do
Encourage people with cars to have their air conditioners fixed by mechanics who are certified to handle. In Wisconsin, by law, mechanics have to be specially certified to work with CFCs.
Protect your skin and eyes from harmful UV rays when you're outside.
This idea seems at first to have some merit, until we remember that the seasons get reversed when we cross the equator: when it is Summer in the northern hemisphere, it is Winter in the southern one, and vice versa. And surely Argentina is at the same distance from the Sun as the USA!
What has this to do with temperature? Well, when the northern hemisphere is leaning away from the sun, the rays coming from it hit this part of the Earth at a smaller angle than on other parts of the world. This means that the same amount of light is distributed over a larger surface, and therefore these places receive less heat than the others. The southern hemisphere is experiencing Summer, the northern hemisphere Winter. In half a year, the situation reverses, and it is now Winter in the southern hemisphere since that part of the earth is now leaning away from the sun.
1. 
Read all about ![[earth layers]](http://www.dnr.state.wi.us/org/caer/ce/eek/earth/air/images/layers2.gif)
In the 1970s, scientists began to wonder what might happen to all those CFCs after they had been in the air for a while. They eventually learned that CFCs could float past the 
In 1979, many countries, including the U.S., banned CFCs from being made or used. This was a big step toward fixing the problem. Today, no spray cans contain CFCs. Other chemicals are gradually replacing the CFCs in air conditioners.
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