Bradford Science Center: 7th Grade Unit# -CELLSx

Living things are made of cells that can be seen and studied

only through a microscope

The Cell 7th Grade Unit #

Objectives and Indicators for this Unit§ Living things are made of single or multiple cells

§ Microscopes make it possible to see that living things are made of mostly cells

§ Most single celled organisms have needs similar to those of multi-cellular organisms.

The cells in multi-cellular organisms may vary in appearance and function, but they benefit from cooperating

VSC

3.7.B. Cells

1. Gather and organize data to defend or argue the proposition that all living things are cellular (composed of cells) and that cells carry out the basic life functions.

a. Use microscopes or other magnifying instruments to observe, describe, and compare the cellular composition of different body tissues and organs in a variety of organisms (animals and plants).

b. Based on data from readings and designed investigations, cite evidence to illustrate that the life functions of multicellular organisms (plant and animal) are carried out within complex systems of different tissues, organs and cells.

§ Extracting energy from food

§ Getting rid of wastes

§ Making raw materials

c. Based on research and examples from video technology explain that the repeated division of cells enables organisms to grow and make repairs.

d. Collect data from investigations using single celled organisms, such as yeast or algae to explain that a single cell carries out all the basic life functions of a multicellular organism.

§ Reproducing

§ Extracting energy from food

§ Getting rid of wastes

e. Based on data compiled from a number of lessons completed, take and defend a position on the statement "The way in which cells function is the same in all organisms.”

2. Recognize and provide examples that human beings, like other organisms have complex body systems of cells, tissues and organs that interact to support an organism's growth and survival.

a. Describe and explain that the complex set of systems found in multicellular organisms are made up of different kinds of tissues and organs which are themselves composed of differentiated cells.

b. Select several body systems and explain the role of cells, tissues and organs that effectively carry out a vital function for the organism, such as

§ Obtaining food and providing energy (digestive, circulatory, respiratory)

§ Defense (nervous, endocrine, circulatory, muscular, skeletal, immune)

§ Reproduction (reproductive, endocrine, circulatory)

§ Waste removal (excretory, respiratory, circulatory)

§ Breathing (respiratory, circulatory)

c. Develop a response that explains the meaning of the statement, "The specialization of cells serves the operation of the organs, and the organs serve the needs of the cells."

d. Investigate ways in which the various organs and tissues function to serve the needs of cells for food, air, and waste removal.

PRE-TEST Cells Are Us!Assignment=Please copy this test into your journal and answer the questions there.

1.	What are cells? The smallest things that can carry out life processes Parts of a molecule Parts of an atom

2.	Cells are bigger than atoms. False True

3.	Atoms have smaller parts called ______. Cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria Protons, neutrons, and electrons Matter, elements, and molecules

4.	Cells have smaller parts called ______. Protons, neutrons, and electrons Cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria Matter, elements, and molecules

5.	What is the cell membrane's job? It holds the cell together. It lets molecules pass into and out of the cell. It has DNA. Both A and B

6.	What is inside the cell's nucleus? DNA Cytoplasm Water Mitochondria

7.	What are the mitochondria called? The powerhouse of the cell The storage area of the cell The command center of the cell

8.	What are cells filled with? Water Nothing Cytoplasm

First Big Assignment= Pleaselook up these vocabulaty words and put the words and their definitions into your journal

Please read this article and complete the assignments below in your journals

CELLS ARE US

Just as atoms have smaller parts called protons, neutrons, and electrons, cells have smaller parts, too. When you look at cells with a powerful microscope, you can clearly see hundreds of them. With the most powerful lens, you can see a single cell close up. You can see most of the different parts of a cell, called organelles meaning "little organs," with a very powerful microscope. Let's read about some of the different parts.

Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for this paragraph would be.

⁷ First, all cells have a cell membrane. It holds all the parts of the cell together. It lets water and other molecules come and go into and out of the cell. Think of it like your body's skin.

Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for this paragraph would be.
⁸ Next, all eukaryotic cells have a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells include everything except bacteria and viruses. People have eukaryotic cells. The nucleus of a cell contains the cell's genetic information, DNA, so that the cell can produce more cells like it. This is important because cells don't live very long. Our skin cells die and must be replaced about every thirty days. The nucleus also controls the cell's processes. Think of it like your body's brain. The nucleus is sometimes called the "command center" of the cell.

Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for this paragraph would be.

⁹ Another important part is the mitochondria, called the "powerhouses of the cell." The mitochondria's job is to break down food molecules so that the cell has energy to live. Think of it like your body's stomach. The more energy the cell needs, the more mitochondria it has.

Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for this paragraph would be.

¹⁰ Cells are filled with a liquid called cytoplasm. Cytoplasm fills up the space inside the cell and gives the cell a medium for movement of molecules. Molecules can move more easily in the liquid medium than they could move if the cell had empty space inside it.

Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for this paragraph would be.
¹¹ Vacuoles are storage compartments inside the cell. Cells can store molecules they need or waste products inside the vacuoles until they are needed or eliminated.
Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for this paragraph would be.

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the 6 short paragraphs of reading above.

Assignment-Please click the website below-Then hit "run"

and play the game. Watch how things can pass through the membrane. One choice works considerably better than the other choice.

Then 1) Explain in your journal exactly what happened. and

2) Explain in your journal why you think it happened in the way it did?

Cell MEMBRANE CHANNELS

http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/membrane-channels

Inside a cell

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/

Assignment= Please click this website and Play this games about cell parts

http://www.exploratorium.edu/traits/cell_explorer.html

Then 1) Explain in your journal exactly what happened. and

2) Explain in your journal why you think it happened in the way it did?

Cells Are Us!
By Cindy Grigg

¹ Did you ever stop to think what your body might be made of? Your body is made of cells. Cells are called the "building blocks" of life. Adults have about ten trillion (10,000,000,000,000) cells in their bodies! Your body was made when one tiny cell from your father joined another tiny cell from your mother. These two cells became one very special cell, and that very special cell became you!

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the reading above.

Main Idea and Details graphic organizer

Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for this paragraph would be.

² That very special cell had all the information and "secret codes" to make you the way you are. Those "secret codes" were inside the DNA. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic (de-ox-e-rye-bo-new-clay-ick) acid. DNA is a very long list of instructions found in the nucleus of the cell that gives each cell in your body its shape and function.

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the reading above.

Main Idea and Details graphic organizer

³ But how did you grow from one tiny cell? Cells grow, or multiply, by dividing! First there was only one cell, and then it divided by a process called cell division or mitosis. So then there were two cells. Then each of those cells divided, and then there were four cells. Then each of those cells divided, and then there were eight cells. Then those cells divided, and ... Well, you get the picture.
Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the reading above.

Main Idea and Details graphic organizer

Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for this paragraph would be.

⁴ Think about building something with plastic blocks. The blocks have different shapes and are different sizes. They look different from each other. Each type of block has a different job, but when you put them all together, you can build a castle! Like the castle, our bodies are made of many different kinds of "blocks." The big difference is that the blocks our body is made of are very, very tiny. They are called cells. How tiny are they? VERY tiny! You could fit about a hundred of them on the period at the end of this sentence.

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the reading above.

Main Idea and Details graphic organizer

Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for this paragraph would be.

⁵ Cells are the smallest things that can carry out life processes. What are life processes? Living things need to take in food and water, take out wastes, and be able to reproduce themselves. In this way, cells are different from atoms and molecules. Atoms are not living things; they do not need food, water, and air; and they do not reproduce themselves. Cells are alive. Cells are bigger than atoms. We can see cells with a microscope.
⁶

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the reading above.

Main Idea and Details graphic organizer

Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for this paragraph would be.

¹² There are many different kinds of cells in our bodies. Just as you would need different sizes and shapes of blocks to build a castle, your body's cells are different sizes and shapes, too. Each kind of cell is shaped differently because it has a different job to do. Some of the different kinds of cells we have in our bodies are muscle cells, red blood cells, and nerve cells. We have more than two hundred different kinds of cells! Each of these cells looks very, very different from each other.

Main Idea and Details graphic organizer

¹³ Your body was made from just two cells, one from your mother and one from your father. Those two cells joined together into one special cell, and it held all the genetic information to make you, you. The information in the DNA decided whether you would have dimples or not. It decided your hair color, eye color, and even the shape of your earlobes! You are unique, different from every other human on the earth, because of the information in those two tiny cells. You are made of cells!

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the reading above.

Main Idea and Details graphic organizer

Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for this paragraph would be.

Cells Are Us!Assignment=Please copy this test into your journal and answer the questions there.

1.	What are cells? Parts of a molecule Parts of an atom The smallest things that can carry out life processes

2.	Cells are bigger than atoms. False True

3.	Atoms have smaller parts called ______. Protons, neutrons, and electrons Matter, elements, and molecules Cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria

4.	Cells have smaller parts called ______. Cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria Matter, elements, and molecules Protons, neutrons, and electrons

5.	What is the cell membrane's job? It holds the cell together. It lets molecules pass into and out of the cell. It has DNA. Both A and B

6.	What is inside the cell's nucleus? Cytoplasm Water DNA Mitochondria

7.	What are the mitochondria called? The storage area of the cell The command center of the cell The powerhouse of the cell

8.	What are cells filled with? Nothing Cytoplasm Water

Cells Are Us!Assignment= Describe a cell. In your journal in 3-5 sentences

Cells Are Us!Assignment=List the parts that make up a cell, and describe what job they do in your journal.

Cells Are Us!Assignment=Write a creative story about going inside a cell. Describe all the different parts you see and the jobs each of them do. Write it in your journal in 3-5 sentences

Assignment=Please copy this "cloze" assignment into your journal and answer the questions there.

Cells Are Us!
By Cindy Grigg

period	center	genetic	command
organelles	eukaryotic	ever	earth
difference	cytoplasm	nerve	division
liquid	clearly	mitosis

Directions: Fill in each blank with the word that best completes the reading comprehension.

     Did you (1)  _______________________   stop to think what your body might be made of? Your body is made of cells. Cells are called the "building blocks" of life. Adults have about ten trillion (10,000,000,000,000) cells in their bodies! Your body was made when one tiny cell from your father joined another tiny cell from your mother. These two cells became one very special cell, and that very special cell became you!
     That very special cell had all the information and "secret codes" to make you the way you are. Those "secret codes" were inside the DNA. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic (de-ox-e-rye-bo-new-clay-ick) acid. DNA is a very long list of instructions found in the nucleus of the cell that gives each cell in your body its shape and function.
     But how did you grow from one tiny cell? Cells grow, or multiply, by dividing! First there was only one cell, and then it divided by a process called cell (2)  _______________________   or(3)  _______________________  . So then there were two cells. Then each of those cells divided, and then there were four cells. Then each of those cells divided, and then there were eight cells. Then those cells divided, and ... Well, you get the picture.
     Think about building something with plastic blocks. The blocks have different shapes and are different sizes. They look different from each other. Each type of block has a different job, but when you put them all together, you can build a castle! Like the castle, our bodies are made of many different kinds of "blocks." The big (4)  _______________________   is that the blocks our body is made of are very, very tiny. They are called cells. How tiny are they? VERY tiny! You could fit about a hundred of them on the (5)  _______________________   at the end of this sentence.
     Cells are the smallest things that can carry out life processes. What are life processes? Living things need to take in food and water, take out wastes, and be able to reproduce themselves. In this way, cells are different from atoms and molecules. Atoms are not living things; they do not need food, water, and air; and they do not reproduce themselves. Cells are alive. Cells are bigger than atoms. We can see cells with a microscope.
     Just as atoms have smaller parts called protons, neutrons, and electrons, cells have smaller parts, too. When you look at cells with a powerful microscope, you can (6)  _______________________   see hundreds of them. With the most powerful lens, you can see a single cell close up. You can see most of the different parts of a cell, called (7)  _______________________   meaning "little organs," with a very powerful microscope. Let's read about some of the different parts.
     First, all cells have a cell membrane. It holds all the parts of the cell together. It lets water and other molecules come and go into and out of the cell. Think of it like your body's skin.
     Next, all eukaryotic cells have a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells include everything except bacteria and viruses. People have (8)  _______________________   cells. The nucleus of a cell contains the cell's genetic information, DNA, so that the cell can produce more cells like it. This is important because cells don't live very long. Our skin cells die and must be replaced about every thirty days. The nucleus also controls the cell's processes. Think of it like your body's brain. The nucleus is sometimes called the "(9)  _______________________   (10)  _______________________  " of the cell.
     Another important part is the mitochondria, called the "powerhouses of the cell." The mitochondria's job is to break down food molecules so that the cell has energy to live. Think of it like your body's stomach. The more energy the cell needs, the more mitochondria it has.
     Cells are filled with a liquid called (11)  _______________________  . Cytoplasm fills up the space inside the cell and gives the cell a medium for movement of molecules. Molecules can move more easily in the(12)  _______________________   medium than they could move if the cell had empty space inside it.
     Vacuoles are storage compartments inside the cell. Cells can store molecules they need or waste products inside the vacuoles until they are needed or eliminated.
     There are many different kinds of cells in our bodies. Just as you would need different sizes and shapes of blocks to build a castle, your body's cells are different sizes and shapes, too. Each kind of cell is shaped differently because it has a different job to do. Some of the different kinds of cells we have in our bodies are muscle cells, red blood cells, and (13)  _______________________   cells. We have more than two hundred different kinds of cells! Each of these cells looks very, very different from each other.
     Your body was made from just two cells, one from your mother and one from your father. Those two cells joined together into one special cell, and it held all the (14)  _______________________   information to make you, you. The information in the DNA decided whether you would have dimples or not. It decided your hair color, eye color, and even the shape of your earlobes! You are unique, different from every other human on the(15)  _______________________  , because of the information in those two tiny cells. You are made of cells!

Cells Are Us!Assignment=Please copy this quiz into your journal and answer the questions there.

1.	What are cells? The smallest things that can carry out life processes Parts of a molecule Parts of an atom

2.	Cells are bigger than atoms. False True

3.	Atoms have smaller parts called ______. Cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria Protons, neutrons, and electrons Matter, elements, and molecules

4.	Cells have smaller parts called ______. Protons, neutrons, and electrons Cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria Matter, elements, and molecules

5.	What is the cell membrane's job? It holds the cell together. It lets molecules pass into and out of the cell. It has DNA. Both A and B

6.	What is inside the cell's nucleus? DNA Cytoplasm Water Mitochondria

7.	What are the mitochondria called? The powerhouse of the cell The storage area of the cell The command center of the cell

8.	What are cells filled with? Water Nothing Cytoplasm

Assignment=Write a sentence using each word in your journal.

produce

sentence

membrane

meaning

process

deoxyribonucleic

function

center

organelles

Assignment=Copy these lists in your journal and connect the term to it's correct meaning

	Vacuole	Found in plants and some single-celled organisms- filled with liquid.
	Ribosome	Small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm involved in protein synthesis.
	Lysosomes	Filled with enzymes.
	Golgi Apparatus	Stack of membrane=bound vesicles.
	Smooth Enoplasmic Reticulum	Cellular internal membrane system- no ribosomes are found on the surface.
	Mitochondria	Rod shaped- with folded membrane called cristae.
	Cell Wall	Rigid barrier outside the cell membrane- made of carbohydrates- found in plants, algae, fungi, and prokaryotes.
	Cell Membrane	Bi-lipid layer with embedded proteins- surrounds the cell.
	Cytoskeleton	Network of Protein filaments called microtubules and microfilaments.
	Cytoplasm	Area between the cell membrane and the nucleus- jelly like material 80% water.
	Nucleus	Bound by a double membrane- contains the cell's DNA.
	Nucleolus	Found inside the Nucleus.
	Chloroplast	Found in all higher plant cells- contain chlorophyll- double outer membrane- have stroma, thylakoids, and grana- where photosynthesis takes place.
	Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum	Cellular internal membrane system- site of ribosomes and therefore protein synthesis.
	Centrioles	Made from Microtubules- form a pair of structures- located near the nucleus.

file:///Users/moragbradford/Desktop/cell.jpgfile:///Users/moragbradford/Desktop/cell.jpg

Plant Cells: Cells With Walls
By Brandi Waters

¹ You've already learned that all living things are made up of cells. Each cell is a living building block. One cell can make up a simple organism. Hundreds, thousands, or even millions of cells can be put together to build bigger and more complex organisms. Cells are not all the same. The cells that make up your skin are different from the cells that make up your blood. The cells in a fish are not the same as the cells in a dog. The cells in a rose are not the same as the cells in a tree. Cells need to be different to do different jobs. Even though there are many kinds of cells, all cells can be put into one of two groups: plant cells and animal cells. Today, you are going to learn about plant cells.

Assignment=Please copy this main idea and details graphic organizer into your journal and complete it there from the reading above .

Main Idea and Details graphic organizer

Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for the paragraph above would be.

² Trees, grass, flowers, and moss are all plants. They are all made up of plant cells. What makes a plant cell different from an animal cell? One difference is that plant cells have cell walls. A cell wall is layer of stiff material that goes all the way around the outside of the cell. A cell wall helps to protect the cell from damage. It also helps to hold the shape of a cell. Animal cells do not have cell walls. Plant cells also have structures that help them make their own food using sunlight. These structures are called chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are what give plants their green color. Animal cells do not have these structures. They cannot make energy from sunlight.

Assignment=Please copy this main idea and details graphic organizer into your journal and complete it there from the reading above .

Main Idea and Details graphic organizer

³ What does a plant cell look like? Imagine a cardboard box. The box represents the cell wall. Imagine that there is a sealed plastic bag inside the box. This bag represents a structure called the cell membrane. It is thin and flexible. It holds the cell together. The bag is filled with a slimy liquid. The slimy liquid contains different colored balloons that float in it. In a plant cell, this slimy liquid is called cytoplasm. Inside the cytoplasm are organelles that do different jobs inside the cell. The nucleus is one of the organelles in the cytoplasm. The nucleus holds the plant's DNA, the "blueprints" of what the cell will look like and what it will do. Vacuoles are another kind of organelle inside the cell. Vacuoles are storage closets for the cell. They store food and water that the cell can use when they are needed. Both plant and animal cells have vacuoles, but in plants, the vacuoles are much, much larger. Empty vacuoles are the reason that plants begin to wilt when they need water! Chloroplasts and mitochondria are two organelles in the cell that are used to make energy for the plant. Organelles called the Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum help move things in and out of the cell. All of these structures work together to make a living plant cell.

Assignment=Please copy this main idea and details graphic organizer into your journal and complete it there from the reading above .

Main Idea and Details graphic organizer

Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for the paragraph above would be.

Assignment=Please copy this quiz into your journal and answer the questions there.

_____________________________

Date ___________________

Plant Cells: Cells With Walls

1.	There are ______ main groups that all cells can be put into. Two Five Fifty Seven

2.	Which of these is not a plant? A tree Grass A mushroom Moss

3.	Name two things that make plant cells different from animal cells?

4.	The job of the ______ is to hold all of the parts of a cell together. Cell wall Golgi apparatus Vacuole Cell membrane

5.	The ______ holds the cell's DNA.

6.	______ give plants their green color. The Golgi apparatus Chloroplasts Vacuoles The cell wall

____________________________

Date ___________________

Plant Cells: Cells With WallsExplain what happens to make a plant wilt.

_____________________________

Date ___________________

Plant Cells: Cells With WallsUse the description above to draw a picture of a plant cell. Label each structure.

Assignment=Please copy this "cloze"quiz into your journal and answer the questions there.

Plant Cells: Cells With Walls
By Brandi Waters

already	begin	reason	wilt
complex	layer	difference	chloroplasts
simple	build	organelles	holds
reticulum	endoplasmic	building

Directions: Fill in each blank with the word that best completes the reading comprehension.

     You've (1)  _______________________   learned that all living things are made up of cells. Each cell is a living (2)  _______________________   block. One cell can make up a(3)  _______________________   organism. Hundreds, thousands, or even millions of cells can be put together to (4)  _______________________   bigger and more (5)  _______________________   organisms. Cells are not all the same. The cells that make up your skin are different from the cells that make up your blood. The cells in a fish are not the same as the cells in a dog. The cells in a rose are not the same as the cells in a tree. Cells need to be different to do different jobs. Even though there are many kinds of cells, all cells can be put into one of two groups: plant cells and animal cells. Today, you are going to learn about plant cells.
     Trees, grass, flowers, and moss are all plants. They are all made up of plant cells. What makes a plant cell different from an animal cell? One (6)  _______________________   is that plant cells have cell walls. A cell wall is (7)  _______________________   of stiff material that goes all the way around the outside of the cell. A cell wall helps to protect the cell from damage. It also helps to hold the shape of a cell. Animal cells do not have cell walls. Plant cells also have structures that help them make their own food using sunlight. These structures are called chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are what give plants their green color. Animal cells do not have these structures. They cannot make energy from sunlight.
     What does a plant cell look like? Imagine a cardboard box. The box represents the cell wall. Imagine that there is a sealed plastic bag inside the box. This bag represents a structure called the cell membrane. It is thin and flexible. It(8)  _______________________   the cell together. The bag is filled with a slimy liquid. The slimy liquid contains different colored balloons that float in it. In a plant cell, this slimy liquid is called cytoplasm. Inside the cytoplasm are organelles that do different jobs inside the cell. The nucleus is one of the organelles in the cytoplasm. The nucleus holds the plant's DNA, the "blueprints" of what the cell will look like and what it will do. Vacuoles are another kind of organelle inside the cell. Vacuoles are storage closets for the cell. They store food and water that the cell can use when they are needed. Both plant and animal cells have vacuoles, but in plants, the vacuoles are much, much larger. Empty vacuoles are the (9)  _______________________   that plants (10)  _______________________   to (11)  _______________________   when they need water! (12)  _______________________   and mitochondria are two organelles in the cell that are used to make energy for the plant.(13)  _______________________   called the Golgi apparatus and the (14)  _______________________   (15)  _______________________   help move things in and out of the cell. All of these structures work together to make a living plant cell.

Assignment=Please copy this quiz into your journal and answer the questions there.

__________________________

Date ___________________

Plant Cells: Cells With Walls

1.	There are ______ main groups that all cells can be put into. Two Fifty Seven Five

2.	Which of these is not a plant? Grass A tree Moss A mushroom

3.	Name two things that make plant cells different from animal cells?

4.	The job of the ______ is to hold all of the parts of a cell together. Cell membrane Cell wall Vacuole Golgi apparatus

5.	The ______ holds the cell's DNA.

6.	______ give plants their green color. The Golgi apparatus Chloroplasts Vacuoles The cell wall

Animal Cells: Cells Without Walls
By Brandi Waters

¹ You've already learned that all living things are made up of cells. Each cell is a living building block. One cell can make up a simple organism. Hundreds, thousands, or even trillions of cells can be put together to build bigger and more complex organisms. Cells are not all the same. The cells that make up your skin are different from the cells that make up your blood. The cells in a fish are not the same as the cells in a dog. The cells in a rose are not the same as the cells in a tree. Cells need to be different to do different jobs. Even though there are many kinds of cells, all cells can be put into one of two groups: plant cells and animal cells. Today, you are going to learn about animal cells.

Assignment=Please copy this main idea and details graphic organizer into your journal and complete it there from the reading above .

Main Idea and Details graphic organizer

Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for the paragraph above would be.

² Animals make up three out of four species on Earth. Animals like frogs, worms, bees, and humans live on land. Animals like jellyfish, whales, and coral live in the water. Animals are different from plants in many ways. These differences have a lot to do with the difference between plant cells and animal cells. For the most part, plant cells and animal cells are very much alike. Both cells have a nucleus and organelles to carry out the cell's functions. One thing that makes animals different from plants is their ability to move. An animal can move itself from place to place; plants cannot. Plants have very rigid cells. They keep their shape. This is because plant cells have a thick cell wall that protects and strengthens the outside of the cell. Animal cells do not have a cell wall. They have a thin cell membrane that forms the outside of the cell. Plants have a cell membrane, too, but it is covered by the cell wall. The cell membrane holds all of the parts of the cell together. The cell membrane is thin and flexible. It allows the cell to bend and change shapes. The absence of a cell wall allows animals to move. Skin can stretch. Muscles can flex. Movement makes animals special.

Assignment=Please copy this main idea and details graphic organizer into your journal and complete it there from the reading above .

Main Idea and Details graphic organizer

Assignment=Please explain in 2-3 sentences in your journal what a good title for the paragraph above would be.

³ Animal cells are different from plant cells in another important way. Plant cells can make their own food. They use special organelles in their cells, called chloroplasts, to make food using energy from the sun. Animal cells cannot make their own food. They do not have chloroplasts. This is why animals have to eat. Their bodies break down food into components that all of its cells can use. And while both types of cells have vacuoles for storing water and nutrients, the vacuoles in animal cells are much smaller. Plant and animal cells are very similar, but these important differences make it easy to tell one from another.

Assignment=Please copy this main idea and details graphic organizer into your journal and complete it there from the reading above .

Main Idea and Details graphic organizer

Assignment=Please copy this quiz into your journal and answer the questions there.

_____________________________

Date ___________________

Animal Cells: Cells Without Walls

1.	Animals make up ______ species on Earth. Three of every five Three of every four One of every two Six of every seven

2.	Which of these is not an animal? Algae Jellyfish Coral Worms

3.	What is the difference between plant cells and animal cells that give animals the ability to move?

4.	Plant cells have ______; animal cells do not. Vacuoles Chloroplasts All of the above

5.	The ______ forms the outside layer of an animal cell.

__________________________

Date ___________________

Animal Cells: Cells Without Walls
Explain why animals must eat food, but plants do not have to.

_____________________________

Date ___________________

Animal Cells: Cells Without Walls
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a cell wall.

Assignment=Please copy this "cloze" quiz into your journal and answer the questions there.

Animal Cells: Cells Without Walls
By Brandi Waters

blood	between	simple	jobs
energy	change	break	cells
wall	living	part	absence
cell	shapes	parts	rigid
another	shape

Directions: Fill in each blank with the word that best completes the reading comprehension.

     You've already learned that all (1)  _______________________   things are made up of cells. Each cell is a living building block. One cell can make up a (2)  _______________________   organism. Hundreds, thousands, or even trillions of cells can be put together to build bigger and more complex organisms. Cells are not all the same. The cells that make up your skin are different from the cells that make up your(3)  _______________________  . The cells in a fish are not the same as the cells in a dog. The cells in a rose are not the same as the cells in a tree. Cells need to be different to do different (4)  _______________________  . Even though there are many kinds of cells, all cells can be put into one of two groups: plant cells and animal cells. Today, you are going to learn about animal cells.
     Animals make up three out of four species on Earth. Animals like frogs, worms, bees, and humans live on land. Animals like jellyfish, whales, and coral live in the water. Animals are different from plants in many ways. These differences have a lot to do with the difference (5)  _______________________   plant (6)  _______________________   and animal cells. For the most (7)  _______________________  , plant cells and animal cells are very much alike. Both cells have a nucleus and organelles to carry out the cell's functions. One thing that makes animals different from plants is their ability to move. An animal can move itself from place to place; plants cannot. Plants have very (8)  _______________________   cells. They keep their (9)  _______________________  . This is because plant cells have a thick cell wall that protects and strengthens the outside of the cell. Animal cells do not have a cell(10)  _______________________  . They have a thin cell membrane that forms the outside of the cell. Plants have a cell membrane, too, but it is covered by the cell wall. The cell membrane holds all of the (11)  _______________________   of the(12)  _______________________   together. The cell membrane is thin and flexible. It allows the cell to bend and (13)  _______________________   (14)  _______________________  . The (15)  _______________________   of a cell wall allows animals to move. Skin can stretch. Muscles can flex. Movement makes animals special.
     Animal cells are different from plant cells in another important way. Plant cells can make their own food. They use special organelles in their cells, called chloroplasts, to make food using (16)  _______________________   from the sun. Animal cells cannot make their own food. They do not have chloroplasts. This is why animals have to eat. Their bodies (17)  _______________________   down food into components that all of its cells can use. And while both types of cells have vacuoles for storing water and nutrients, the vacuoles in animal cells are much smaller. Plant and animal cells are very similar, but these important differences make it easy to tell one from (18)  _______________________  .

Assignment=Please copy this quiz into your journal and answer the questions there.

____________________________

Date ___________________

Animal Cells: Cells Without Walls

1.	Animals make up ______ species on Earth. One of every two Three of every five Three of every four Six of every seven

2.	Which of these is not an animal? Coral Jellyfish Worms Algae

3.	What is the difference between plant cells and animal cells that give animals the ability to move?

4.	Plant cells have ______; animal cells do not. Vacuoles Chloroplasts All of the above

Very Cool Experiment to Try

The Human Cheek Cell

__________________________________

1. List the 3 parts of the Cell Theory

_____________________________________

2. Describe or define each of the following

--cell membrane _____________________________

--cytoplasm _________________________________

--nucleus ___________________________________

--organelle ________________________________

Procedure:
1. Put a drop of methylene blue on a slide. Caution: methylene blue will stain clothes and skin.
2. Gently scrape the inside of your cheek with the flat side of a toothpick. Scrape lightly.
3. Stir the end of the toothpick in the stain and throw the toothpick away.
4. Place a coverslip onto the slide
5. Use the SCANNING objective to focus. You probably will not see the cells at this power.
6. Switch to low power. Cells should be visible, but they will be small and look like nearly clear purplish blobs. If you are looking at something very dark purple, it is probably not a cell
7. Once you think you have located a cell, switch to high power and refocus. (Remember, do NOT use the coarse adjustment knob at this point)

3. Sketch the cell at low and high power. Label the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane. Draw your cells to scale.Low Power

High Power

5. Why is methylene blue necessary?

6. The light microscope used in the lab is not powerful enough to view other organelles in the cheek cell. What parts of the cell were visible.

6. List 2 organelles that were NOT visible but should have been in the cheek cell.

7. Is the cheek cell a eukaryote or prokaryote? How do you know?

8. Keeping in mind that the mouth is the first site of chemical digestion in a human. Your saliva starts the process of breaking down the food you eat. Keeping this in mind, what organelle do you think would be numerous inside the cells of your mouth?

Assignment=Please copy these test questions into your journal and answer the questions there.

Topic B. Cells

Indicator 2. Investigate and provide evidence that living things are made mostly of cells that can be seen and studied only through a microscope.

Objective b. Use microscopes and pictures to investigate, describe with drawings, and compare the cells in a variety of multicellular organisms, such as cells in elodea and onions; muscle cells, nerve cells, skin cells, etc in animals.

Selected Response Item
Most organisms are made of many different types of cells. Each type of cell has a special role within the organism. Which of these organisms would most likely contain cells shaped like a rectangle? a cat a clam a fish a tree /toolkit/vsc/assessment_items/msa_science_5_033.xml	Correct Answer:

Brief Constructed Response (BCR) Item

Most organisms are made of many different types of cells. Each type of cell has a special role within the organism.

Multicellular organisms are made of groups of cells working together to do one job. These are called specialized cells. The diagrams show four types of specialized cells. Not all multicellular organisms need the same specialized cells.

Explain why multicellular organisms only need certain specialized cells. In your explanation, be sure to include

a type of specialized cell not found in a plant
why this specialized cell is not needed by a plant

Write your answer on your answer document

Brief Constructed Response (BCR) Item

Fireflies release light from specialized cells in a part of their body called the lantern. The light produced releases very little heat. The firefly signals attract other fireflies and also warn predators that they taste bad. Some female fireflies produce “false signals” to attract male fireflies. These “false signals” are a response to a male light signal. The attracted male firefly comes to the light of the female firefly. The female firefly then eats the male firefly.

Explain why fireflies have different types of specialized cells. In your explanation, be sure to include

how these specialized cells help the fireflies survive

Write your answer in the space provided.

POST- TEST CELLS

Cells - Please copy and answer in your journal

1.	What are cells? All the same Only able to be seen using a microscope The building blocks of living things The building blocks of matter

2.	______ is made up of only a single cell. A rock An egg A human All of the above

Cells

3.	______ of cells come together to build a human being. Thousands Millions Trillions Billions

4.	All cells ______. Can take in nutrients and turn them into energy Can move Work together to perform a job All of the above

5.	Most of the germs that can make us sick are made of only one cell. False True

6.	______ cells are different from animal cells.

36 KB	Off
Select 2a,C~E~L~L~O.doc	2a,C~E~L~L~O.doc(new window)	Aug 2, 2010 8:25:36 PM	46 KB	Off
Select 3a,broken bones.doc	3a,broken bones.doc(new window)	Aug 2, 2010 8:25:46 PM	55 KB	Off
Select 4a,mitosis flip book.doc	4a,mitosis flip book.doc(new window)	Aug 2, 2010 8:25:57 PM	35 KB	Off
Select 5a,eadible cells.doc	5a,eadible cells.doc(new window)	Aug 2, 2010 8:26:08 PM	39 KB	Off
Select 6a,lets analyze our lunch.doc	6a,lets analyze our lunch.doc(new window)	Aug 2, 2010 8:26:17 PM	57 KB	Off