Bradford Science Center: 7th Grade Unit#2 -CELLS

The Cell 7th Grade Unit #2

Living things are made of cells that can be seen and studied

only through a microscope

The Cell 7th Grade Unit #

Objectives and Indicators for this Unit§ Living things are made of single or multiple cells

§ Microscopes make it possible to see that living things are made of mostly cells

§ Most single celled organisms have needs similar to those of multi-cellular organisms.

The cells in multi-cellular organisms may vary in appearance and function, but they benefit from cooperating

VSC

3.7.B. Cells

1. Gather and organize data to defend or argue the proposition that all living things are cellular (composed of cells) and that cells carry out the basic life functions.

a. Use microscopes or other magnifying instruments to observe, describe, and compare the cellular composition of different body tissues and organs in a variety of organisms (animals and plants).

b. Based on data from readings and designed investigations, cite evidence to illustrate that the life functions of multicellular organisms (plant and animal) are carried out within complex systems of different tissues, organs and cells.

§ Extracting energy from food

§ Getting rid of wastes

§ Making raw materials

c. Based on research and examples from video technology explain that the repeated division of cells enables organisms to grow and make repairs.

d. Collect data from investigations using single celled organisms, such as yeast or algae to explain that a single cell carries out all the basic life functions of a multicellular organism.

§ Reproducing

§ Extracting energy from food

§ Getting rid of wastes

e. Based on data compiled from a number of lessons completed, take and defend a position on the statement "The way in which cells function is the same in all organisms.”

2. Recognize and provide examples that human beings, like other organisms have complex body systems of cells, tissues and organs that interact to support an organism's growth and survival.

a. Describe and explain that the complex set of systems found in multicellular organisms are made up of different kinds of tissues and organs which are themselves composed of differentiated cells.

b. Select several body systems and explain the role of cells, tissues and organs that effectively carry out a vital function for the organism, such as

§ Obtaining food and providing energy (digestive, circulatory, respiratory)

§ Defense (nervous, endocrine, circulatory, muscular, skeletal, immune)

§ Reproduction (reproductive, endocrine, circulatory)

§ Waste removal (excretory, respiratory, circulatory)

§ Breathing (respiratory, circulatory)

c. Develop a response that explains the meaning of the statement, "The specialization of cells serves the operation of the organs, and the organs serve the needs of the cells."

d. Investigate ways in which the various organs and tissues function to serve the needs of cells for food, air, and waste removal.

·       All living things are composed of cells.
·       Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in life.
·       Cellular composition, structure and function differ between animal and plant cells.
·       Cells form tissues, tissues form organs, organs form systems, and systems form organisms.
·       Cell organelles produce energy, build and transport materials, and store and recycle wastes.
Substances move into and out of a cell by diffusion, osmosis, or active transport

PRE-TEST Cells Are Us!Assignment=Please copy this test into your journal and answer the questions there.

1.	What are cells? The smallest things that can carry out life processes Parts of a molecule Parts of an atom

2.	Cells are bigger than atoms. False True

3.	Atoms have smaller parts called ______. Cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria Protons, neutrons, and electrons Matter, elements, and molecules

4.	Cells have smaller parts called ______. Protons, neutrons, and electrons Cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria Matter, elements, and molecules

5.	What is the cell membrane's job? It holds the cell together. It lets molecules pass into and out of the cell. It has DNA. Both A and B

6.	What is inside the cell's nucleus? DNA Cytoplasm Water Mitochondria

7.	What are the mitochondria called? The powerhouse of the cell The storage area of the cell The command center of the cell

8.	What are cells filled with? Water Nothing Cytoplasm

First Big Assignment= Please look up these vocabulary words and put the words and their

definitions into your journal

CELLS
PROKARYOTIC CELLS
EUKARYOTIC CELLS
MICROSCOPE
CELL MEMBRANE
CYTOPLASM
CELL WALL
ORGANELLE
NUCLEUS
CHROMATIN
CHROMATID
CHROMOSOME
NUCLEOLUS
VACUOLES
LYSOSOMES
BACTERIAL CELL
PERMEABILITY
EQUILIBRIUM
OSMOSIS
STARCH
LIPIDS
NUCLEIC ACID
AMINO ACID
ENZYME
PROTEIN
ENDOCYTOSIS
EXOCYTOSIS
METABOLISM
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
PIGMENT
STOMATA
AUTOTROPH
HETEROTROPH
RESPIRATION
FERMENTATION
CELL CYCLE
INTERPHASE
PROPHASE
METAPHASE
ANAPHASE
TELOPHASE
CYTOKINESIS
EGG
SPERM
ZYGOTE
DIPLOID

Please read this article and complete the assignments below in your journals

Cells
By Brandi Waters

¹ Cells are a part of every living thing. Just like atoms are the building blocks of matter, cells are the building blocks of living things. Some living things are made of only one cell. Most of the germs that can make us sick are made of only a single cell. Other living things are made of many, many cells. Trillions of cells come together to build a human being!

Main Idea and 4 Details Graphic Organizer

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the reading above.

² Most cells are very small. They are so small that you cannot see them without a microscope. There are a few cells, though, that are big enough to easily see. An egg, like you might eat for breakfast, is one very large cell.
³ There are many different kinds of cells. Plant cells are different from the cells of animals. Some cells are independent. Some cells work together to perform a job. Some cells can move. Some cells can glow in the dark! Each type of cell is different, but there are some things that all cells have in common. All cells are covered by a membrane that helps to protect the cell and hold it together. All cells are able to reproduce. All cells can take in nutrients and turn them into energy. All cells respond to changes inside and around them. Cells are alive!

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the reading above.

Main Idea and 7 Details Graphic Organizer

_____________________________

Date ___________________

Cells

1.	What are cells? The building blocks of living things All the same Only able to be seen using a microscope The building blocks of matter

2.	______ is made up of only a single cell. A rock An egg A human All of the above

3.	______ of cells come together to build a human being. Trillions Millions Billions Thousands

4.	All cells ______. Can take in nutrients and turn them into energy Can move Work together to perform a job All of the above

5.	Most of the germs that can make us sick are made of only one cell. False True

6.	______ cells are different from animal cells.

_____________________________

Date ___________________

CellsThe story compared cells with atoms. How are cells and atoms the same? How are cells and atoms different? Put in your journal.

_____________________________

Date ___________________

CellsList three things that all cells have in common. Put in your journal.

Cells
By Brandi Waters

matter	build	might	part
easily	human	turn	building
type	alive	perform	reproduce
only	without	independent	energy

Directions: Fill in each blank with the word that best completes the reading comprehension.

     Cells are a (1)  _______________________   of every living thing. Just like atoms are the building blocks of (2)  _______________________  , cells are the(3)  _______________________   blocks of living things. Some living things are made of (4)  _______________________   one cell. Most of the germs that can make us sick are made of only a single cell. Other living things are made of many, many cells. Trillions of cells come together to (5)  _______________________   a (6)  _______________________   being!
     Most cells are very small. They are so small that you cannot see them (7)  _______________________   a microscope. There are a few cells, though, that are big enough to (8)  _______________________   see. An egg, like you (9)  _______________________   eat for breakfast, is one very large cell.
     There are many different kinds of cells. Plant cells are different from the cells of animals. Some cells are (10)  _______________________  . Some cells work together to (11)  _______________________   a job. Some cells can move. Some cells can glow in the dark! Each (12)  _______________________   of cell is different, but there are some things that all cells have in common. All cells are covered by a membrane that helps to protect the cell and hold it together. All cells are able to (13)  _______________________  . All cells can take in nutrients and (14)  _______________________   them into (15)  _______________________  . All cells respond to changes inside and around them. Cells are (16)  _______________________  !

_____________________________

Date ___________________

Cells

1.	What are cells? The building blocks of matter Only able to be seen using a microscope All the same The building blocks of living things

2.	______ is made up of only a single cell. A rock An egg A human All of the above

3.	______ of cells come together to build a human being. Thousands Billions Millions Trillions

4.	All cells ______. Can take in nutrients and turn them into energy Can move Work together to perform a job All of the above

5.	Most of the germs that can make us sick are made of only one cell. False True

6.	______ cells are different from animal cells.

CELLS ARE US

Just as atoms have smaller parts called protons, neutrons, and electrons, cells have smaller parts, too. When you look at cells with a powerful microscope, you can clearly see hundreds of them. With the most powerful lens, you can see a single cell close up. You can see most of the different parts of a cell, called organelles meaning "little organs," with a very powerful microscope. Let's read about some of the different parts.
⁷     First, all cells have a cell membrane. It holds all the parts of the cell together. It lets water and other molecules come and go into and out of the cell. Think of it like your body's skin.
⁸     Next, all eukaryotic cells have a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells include everything except bacteria and viruses. People have eukaryotic cells. The nucleus of a cell contains the cell's genetic information, DNA, so that the cell can produce more cells like it. This is important because cells don't live very long. Our skin cells die and must be replaced about every thirty days. The nucleus also controls the cell's processes. Think of it like your body's brain. The nucleus is sometimes called the "command center" of the cell.
⁹     Another important part is the mitochondria, called the "powerhouses of the cell." The mitochondria's job is to break down food molecules so that the cell has energy to live. Think of it like your body's stomach. The more energy the cell needs, the more mitochondria it has.
¹⁰     Cells are filled with a liquid called cytoplasm. Cytoplasm fills up the space inside the cell and gives the cell a medium for movement of molecules. Molecules can move more easily in the liquid medium than they could move if the cell had empty space inside it.
¹¹     Vacuoles are storage compartments inside the cell. Cells can store molecules they need or waste products inside the vacuoles until they are needed or eliminated.

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the reading above.

Main Idea and 5 Details Graphic Organizer

Cells
By Brandi Waters

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the reading above.

Main Idea and 5 Details Graphic Organizer

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete it there .

_____________________________

Date ___________________

Cells

1.	What are cells? The building blocks of living things All the same Only able to be seen using a microscope The building blocks of matter

2.	______ is made up of only a single cell. A rock An egg A human All of the above

3.	______ of cells come together to build a human being. Billions Millions Thousands Trillions

4.	All cells ______. Can take in nutrients and turn them into energy Can move Work together to perform a job All of the above

5.	Most of the germs that can make us sick are made of only one cell. False True

6.	______ cells are different from animal cells.

_____________________________

Date ___________________

CellsThe story compared cells with atoms. How are cells and atoms the same? How are cells and atoms different? Put in your journal.

_____________________________

Date ___________________

CellsList three things that all cells have in common. Put in your journal.

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete it there

Cells
By Brandi Waters

easily	human	common	other
move	part	enough	different
perform	without	reproduce	kinds
single	microscope	protect

Directions: Fill in each blank with the word that best completes the reading comprehension.

     Cells are a (1)  _______________________   of every living thing. Just like atoms are the building blocks of matter, cells are the building blocks of living things. Some living things are made of only one cell. Most of the germs that can make us sick are made of only a (2)  _______________________   cell.(3)  _______________________   living things are made of many, many cells. Trillions of cells come together to build a (4)  _______________________   being!
     Most cells are very small. They are so small that you cannot see them (5)  _______________________   a (6)  _______________________  . There are a few cells, though, that are big (7)  _______________________   to (8)  _______________________   see. An egg, like you might eat for breakfast, is one very large cell.
     There are many (9)  _______________________   (10)  _______________________   of cells. Plant cells are different from the cells of animals. Some cells are independent. Some cells work together to (11)  _______________________   a job. Some cells can (12)  _______________________  . Some cells can glow in the dark! Each type of cell is different, but there are some things that all cells have in (13)  _______________________  . All cells are covered by a membrane that helps to (14)  _______________________   the cell and hold it together. All cells are able to (15)  _______________________  . All cells can take in nutrients and turn them into energy. All cells respond to changes inside and around them. Cells are alive!

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete it there

_____________________________

Date ___________________

Cells

1.	What are cells? All the same Only able to be seen using a microscope The building blocks of living things The building blocks of matter

2.	______ is made up of only a single cell. A rock An egg A human All of the above

3.	______ of cells come together to build a human being. Thousands Billions Millions Trillions

4.	All cells ______. Can take in nutrients and turn them into energy Can move Work together to perform a job All of the above

5.	Most of the germs that can make us sick are made of only one cell. False True

6.	______ cells are different from animal cells.

Assignment-Please click the website below-Then hit "run"

and play the game. Watch how things can pass through the membrane. One choice works considerably better than the other choice.

Then 1) Explain in your journal exactly what happened. and

2) Explain in your journal why you think it happened in the way it did?

Cell MEMBRANE CHANNELS

http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/membrane-channels

Inside a cell

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/

Assignment= Please click this website and Play this games about cell parts

http://www.exploratorium.edu/traits/cell_explorer.html

Then 1) Explain in your journal exactly what happened. and

2) Explain in your journal why you think it happened in the way it did?

Cells Are Us!
By Cindy Grigg

¹ Did you ever stop to think what your body might be made of? Your body is made of cells. Cells are called the "building blocks" of life. Adults have about ten trillion (10,000,000,000,000) cells in their bodies! Your body was made when one tiny cell from your father joined another tiny cell from your mother. These two cells became one very special cell, and that very special cell became you!
² That very special cell had all the information and "secret codes" to make you the way you are. Those "secret codes" were inside the DNA. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic (de-ox-e-rye-bo-new-clay-ick) acid. DNA is a very long list of instructions found in the nucleus of the cell that gives each cell in your body its shape and function.

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the reading above.

³ But how did you grow from one tiny cell? Cells grow, or multiply, by dividing! First there was only one cell, and then it divided by a process called cell division or mitosis. So then there were two cells. Then each of those cells divided, and then there were four cells. Then each of those cells divided, and then there were eight cells. Then those cells divided, and ... Well, you get the picture.
⁴ Think about building something with plastic blocks. The blocks have different shapes and are different sizes. They look different from each other. Each type of block has a different job, but when you put them all together, you can build a castle! Like the castle, our bodies are made of many different kinds of "blocks." The big difference is that the blocks our body is made of are very, very tiny. They are called cells. How tiny are they? VERY tiny! You could fit about a hundred of them on the period at the end of this sentence.

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the reading above.

⁵ Cells are the smallest things that can carry out life processes. What are life processes? Living things need to take in food and water, take out wastes, and be able to reproduce themselves. In this way, cells are different from atoms and molecules. Atoms are not living things; they do not need food, water, and air; and they do not reproduce themselves. Cells are alive. Cells are bigger than atoms. We can see cells with a microscope.
⁶

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the reading above.

¹² There are many different kinds of cells in our bodies. Just as you would need different sizes and shapes of blocks to build a castle, your body's cells are different sizes and shapes, too. Each kind of cell is shaped differently because it has a different job to do. Some of the different kinds of cells we have in our bodies are muscle cells, red blood cells, and nerve cells. We have more than two hundred different kinds of cells! Each of these cells looks very, very different from each other.
¹³ Your body was made from just two cells, one from your mother and one from your father. Those two cells joined together into one special cell, and it held all the genetic information to make you, you. The information in the DNA decided whether you would have dimples or not. It decided your hair color, eye color, and even the shape of your earlobes! You are unique, different from every other human on the earth, because of the information in those two tiny cells. You are made of cells!

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete this graphic organizer from the reading above.

Cells Are Us!Assignment=Please copy this test into your journal and answer the questions there.

1.	What are cells? Parts of a molecule Parts of an atom The smallest things that can carry out life processes

2.	Cells are bigger than atoms. False True

3.	Atoms have smaller parts called ______. Protons, neutrons, and electrons Matter, elements, and molecules Cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria

4.	Cells have smaller parts called ______. Cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria Matter, elements, and molecules Protons, neutrons, and electrons

5.	What is the cell membrane's job? It holds the cell together. It lets molecules pass into and out of the cell. It has DNA. Both A and B

6.	What is inside the cell's nucleus? Cytoplasm Water DNA Mitochondria

7.	What are the mitochondria called? The storage area of the cell The command center of the cell The powerhouse of the cell

8.	What are cells filled with? Nothing Cytoplasm Water

Cells Are Us!Assignment= Describe a cell. In your journal in 3-5 sentences

Cells Are Us!Assignment=List the parts that make up a cell, and describe what job they do in your journal.

Cells Are Us!Assignment=Write a creative story about going inside a cell. Describe all the different parts you see and the jobs each of them do. Write it in your journal in 3-5 sentences

Assignment=Please copy this "cloze" assignment into your journal and answer the questions there.

Cells Are Us!
By Cindy Grigg

period	center	genetic	command
organelles	eukaryotic	ever	earth
difference	cytoplasm	nerve	division
liquid	clearly	mitosis

Directions: Fill in each blank with the word that best completes the reading comprehension.

     Did you (1)  _______________________   stop to think what your body might be made of? Your body is made of cells. Cells are called the "building blocks" of life. Adults have about ten trillion (10,000,000,000,000) cells in their bodies! Your body was made when one tiny cell from your father joined another tiny cell from your mother. These two cells became one very special cell, and that very special cell became you!
     That very special cell had all the information and "secret codes" to make you the way you are. Those "secret codes" were inside the DNA. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic (de-ox-e-rye-bo-new-clay-ick) acid. DNA is a very long list of instructions found in the nucleus of the cell that gives each cell in your body its shape and function.
     But how did you grow from one tiny cell? Cells grow, or multiply, by dividing! First there was only one cell, and then it divided by a process called cell (2)  _______________________   or(3)  _______________________  . So then there were two cells. Then each of those cells divided, and then there were four cells. Then each of those cells divided, and then there were eight cells. Then those cells divided, and ... Well, you get the picture.
     Think about building something with plastic blocks. The blocks have different shapes and are different sizes. They look different from each other. Each type of block has a different job, but when you put them all together, you can build a castle! Like the castle, our bodies are made of many different kinds of "blocks." The big (4)  _______________________   is that the blocks our body is made of are very, very tiny. They are called cells. How tiny are they? VERY tiny! You could fit about a hundred of them on the (5)  _______________________   at the end of this sentence.
     Cells are the smallest things that can carry out life processes. What are life processes? Living things need to take in food and water, take out wastes, and be able to reproduce themselves. In this way, cells are different from atoms and molecules. Atoms are not living things; they do not need food, water, and air; and they do not reproduce themselves. Cells are alive. Cells are bigger than atoms. We can see cells with a microscope.
     Just as atoms have smaller parts called protons, neutrons, and electrons, cells have smaller parts, too. When you look at cells with a powerful microscope, you can (6)  _______________________   see hundreds of them. With the most powerful lens, you can see a single cell close up. You can see most of the different parts of a cell, called (7)  _______________________   meaning "little organs," with a very powerful microscope. Let's read about some of the different parts.
     First, all cells have a cell membrane. It holds all the parts of the cell together. It lets water and other molecules come and go into and out of the cell. Think of it like your body's skin.
     Next, all eukaryotic cells have a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells include everything except bacteria and viruses. People have (8)  _______________________   cells. The nucleus of a cell contains the cell's genetic information, DNA, so that the cell can produce more cells like it. This is important because cells don't live very long. Our skin cells die and must be replaced about every thirty days. The nucleus also controls the cell's processes. Think of it like your body's brain. The nucleus is sometimes called the "(9)  _______________________   (10)  _______________________  " of the cell.
     Another important part is the mitochondria, called the "powerhouses of the cell." The mitochondria's job is to break down food molecules so that the cell has energy to live. Think of it like your body's stomach. The more energy the cell needs, the more mitochondria it has.
     Cells are filled with a liquid called (11)  _______________________  . Cytoplasm fills up the space inside the cell and gives the cell a medium for movement of molecules. Molecules can move more easily in the(12)  _______________________   medium than they could move if the cell had empty space inside it.
     Vacuoles are storage compartments inside the cell. Cells can store molecules they need or waste products inside the vacuoles until they are needed or eliminated.
     There are many different kinds of cells in our bodies. Just as you would need different sizes and shapes of blocks to build a castle, your body's cells are different sizes and shapes, too. Each kind of cell is shaped differently because it has a different job to do. Some of the different kinds of cells we have in our bodies are muscle cells, red blood cells, and (13)  _______________________   cells. We have more than two hundred different kinds of cells! Each of these cells looks very, very different from each other.
     Your body was made from just two cells, one from your mother and one from your father. Those two cells joined together into one special cell, and it held all the (14)  _______________________   information to make you, you. The information in the DNA decided whether you would have dimples or not. It decided your hair color, eye color, and even the shape of your earlobes! You are unique, different from every other human on the(15)  _______________________  , because of the information in those two tiny cells. You are made of cells!

Cells Are Us!Assignment=Please copy this quiz into your journal and answer the questions there.

1.	What are cells? The smallest things that can carry out life processes Parts of a molecule Parts of an atom

2.	Cells are bigger than atoms. False True

3.	Atoms have smaller parts called ______. Cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria Protons, neutrons, and electrons Matter, elements, and molecules

4.	Cells have smaller parts called ______. Protons, neutrons, and electrons Cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria Matter, elements, and molecules

5.	What is the cell membrane's job? It holds the cell together. It lets molecules pass into and out of the cell. It has DNA. Both A and B

6.	What is inside the cell's nucleus? DNA Cytoplasm Water Mitochondria

7.	What are the mitochondria called? The powerhouse of the cell The storage area of the cell The command center of the cell

8.	What are cells filled with? Water Nothing Cytoplasm

Assignment= Please copy into your journal and complete it thereAssignment=Write a sentence using each word in your journal.

produce

sentence

membrane

meaning

process

deoxyribonucleic

function

center

organelles

Assignment=Copy these lists in your journal and connect the term to it's correct meaning

	Vacuole	Found in plants and some single-celled organisms- filled with liquid.
	Ribosome	Small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm involved in protein synthesis.
	Lysosomes	Filled with enzymes.
	Golgi Apparatus	Stack of membrane=bound vesicles.
	Smooth Enoplasmic Reticulum	Cellular internal membrane system- no ribosomes are found on the surface.
	Mitochondria	Rod shaped- with folded membrane called cristae.
	Cell Wall	Rigid barrier outside the cell membrane- made of carbohydrates- found in plants, algae, fungi, and prokaryotes.
	Cell Membrane	Bi-lipid layer with embedded proteins- surrounds the cell.
	Cytoskeleton	Network of Protein filaments called microtubules and microfilaments.
	Cytoplasm	Area between the cell membrane and the nucleus- jelly like material 80% water.
	Nucleus	Bound by a double membrane- contains the cell's DNA.
	Nucleolus	Found inside the Nucleus.
	Chloroplast	Found in all higher plant cells- contain chlorophyll- double outer membrane- have stroma, thylakoids, and grana- where photosynthesis takes place.
	Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum	Cellular internal membrane system- site of ribosomes and therefore protein synthesis.
	Centrioles	Made from Microtubules- form a pair of structures- located near the nucleus.

file:///Users/moragbradford/Desktop/cell.jpgfile:///Users/moragbradford/Desktop/cell.jpg

Very Cool Experiment to Try

The Human Cheek Cell

__________________________________

1. List the 3 parts of the Cell Theory

_____________________________________

2. Describe or define each of the following

--cell membrane _____________________________

--cytoplasm _________________________________

--nucleus ___________________________________

--organelle ________________________________

Procedure:
1. Put a drop of methylene blue on a slide. Caution: methylene blue will stain clothes and skin.
2. Gently scrape the inside of your cheek with the flat side of a toothpick. Scrape lightly.
3. Stir the end of the toothpick in the stain and throw the toothpick away.
4. Place a coverslip onto the slide
5. Use the SCANNING objective to focus. You probably will not see the cells at this power.
6. Switch to low power. Cells should be visible, but they will be small and look like nearly clear purplish blobs. If you are looking at something very dark purple, it is probably not a cell
7. Once you think you have located a cell, switch to high power and refocus. (Remember, do NOT use the coarse adjustment knob at this point)

3. Sketch the cell at low and high power. Label the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane. Draw your cells to scale.Low Power

High Power

5. Why is methylene blue necessary?

6. The light microscope used in the lab is not powerful enough to view other organelles in the cheek cell. What parts of the cell were visible.

6. List 2 organelles that were NOT visible but should have been in the cheek cell.

7. Is the cheek cell a eukaryote or prokaryote? How do you know?

8. Keeping in mind that the mouth is the first site of chemical digestion in a human. Your saliva starts the process of breaking down the food you eat. Keeping this in mind, what organelle do you think would be numerous inside the cells of your mouth?

Assignment=Please copy these test questions into your journal and answer the questions there.

Topic B. Cells

Indicator 2. Investigate and provide evidence that living things are made mostly of cells that can be seen and studied only through a microscope.

Objective b. Use microscopes and pictures to investigate, describe with drawings, and compare the cells in a variety of multicellular organisms, such as cells in elodea and onions; muscle cells, nerve cells, skin cells, etc in animals.

Selected Response Item
Most organisms are made of many different types of cells. Each type of cell has a special role within the organism. Which of these organisms would most likely contain cells shaped like a rectangle? a cat a clam a fish a tree /toolkit/vsc/assessment_items/msa_science_5_033.xml	Correct Answer:

Brief Constructed Response (BCR) Item

Most organisms are made of many different types of cells. Each type of cell has a special role within the organism.

Multicellular organisms are made of groups of cells working together to do one job. These are called specialized cells. The diagrams show four types of specialized cells. Not all multicellular organisms need the same specialized cells.

Explain why multicellular organisms only need certain specialized cells. In your explanation, be sure to include

a type of specialized cell not found in a plant
why this specialized cell is not needed by a plant

Write your answer on your answer document

Brief Constructed Response (BCR) Item

Fireflies release light from specialized cells in a part of their body called the lantern. The light produced releases very little heat. The firefly signals attract other fireflies and also warn predators that they taste bad. Some female fireflies produce “false signals” to attract male fireflies. These “false signals” are a response to a male light signal. The attracted male firefly comes to the light of the female firefly. The female firefly then eats the male firefly.

Explain why fireflies have different types of specialized cells. In your explanation, be sure to include

how these specialized cells help the fireflies survive

Write your answer in the space provided.

POST- TEST CELLS

Cells - Please copy and answer in your journal

1.	What are cells? All the same Only able to be seen using a microscope The building blocks of living things The building blocks of matter

2.	______ is made up of only a single cell. A rock An egg A human All of the above

Cells

3.	______ of cells come together to build a human being. Thousands Millions Trillions Billions

4.	All cells ______. Can take in nutrients and turn them into energy Can move Work together to perform a job All of the above

5.	Most of the germs that can make us sick are made of only one cell. False True

6.	______ cells are different from animal cells.

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