8th Grade Unit#2 -Electricity

8th Grade Unit#2 -Electricity

Electrical Circuits -  8th Grade Unit#2  

Indicators and Objectives for this Unit

5. 6. C. Electricity and Magnetism

2. Cite evidence supporting that electrical energy can be produced from a variety of energy sources and can itself be

transformed into almost any other form of energy.      

a. identify various energy sources and the energy transforming devices used to produce electrical energy

* Wind (generators, wind mills)

* Sun (solar cells)

* Water (turbines)

* Fossil fuels (engines)

b. Cite examples that demonstrate the transformation of electrical energy into other forms of energy.

c. Investigate and describe that some materials allow the quick, convenient, and safe transfer of electricity

(conductors), while others prevent the transfer of electricity (insulators).

d. Identify and describe the energy transformations in simple electric circuits.

3. Identify and describe magnetic fields and their relationship to electric current.

a. Investigate and describe the magnetic fields surrounding various types of magnets using materials, such as iron filings and small compasses.

* A single bar magnet

* Two bar magnets with like poles facing

* Two bar magnets with opposite poles facing

* A horseshoe magnet

b. Explain ways to change the strength of a simple electromagnet by varying the number of coils wrapped, the amount of electricity in the wire, the number of batteries used, and whether or not an iron core is used.

c. Describe how the electromagnet demonstrates the relationship of magnetism and electricity and identify common devices that demonstrate application of this relationship.

* Electric motors (fans, hair dryers, can openers)

* Electrical generators (turbine)

d. Describe that electricity moving through a wire produces a magnetic force on materials placed near the wire.

* Iron filings

* Compasses

1st Big Assignment+ Please look up these

Vocabulary Words to look up and put in your journal

Electricity

Electric current

Atom

Electron

Proton

Neutron

Charge

Voltage

Electric circuit

Insulator

Conductor

Magnet

Electromagnet

Alternative current

Direct current

Electromagnetic induction

PRE TEST

Resources- Renewable or Nonrenewable? 1. Resources that can be replaced quickly are called:   Renewable   Nonrenewable   Depleted 2. Give two examples of renewable natural resources. 3. Scientists predict the sun will give us energy for at least how much longer?   Five million years   Fifty billion years   Five billion years 4. Resources that exist in small amounts and cannot be replaced quickly are called:   Nonrenewable   Extinct   Renewable 5. Give two examples of nonrenewable resources. 6. Coal and oil are being replaced faster than they can be used.   False   True

Please copy this  assignment in your journal and complete it there

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What Is Electricity?

1. You have to know about ______ to understand what electricity is.   Lightning   Money   Atoms   Wires	2. ______ have a negative electrical charge.   Protons   Electrons   Neutrons   All of the above
3. Electricity can be made by ______.   Falling water   Burning fuel   Wind   All of the above	4. Electricity is created when______.
5. How is electricity brought to our homes?

Please copy this assignment in your journal and complete it there

Electrical Circuits

1. Electricity is ______.   Negatively charged   A stream of electrons   Made when electrons move from atom to atom   All of the above	2. Electrons flow on a path called ______.
3. People use electrical circuits to ______.   Control where electricity flows and when it is flowing   Control how much electricity is made   Make electrons jump to positively charged atoms   All of the above	4. When a switch in an electrical circuit is turned off, ______.

Electric Current

1. Electric current can move in a path called ______.   Static   A circuit   A charge   Electricity	2. What does a switch do to a circuit?
3. Electricity is ______.   When electric charges move in a circuit   Another name for electric current   Both A and B   Neither A nor B	4. To have a current, electrical charges must be ______.   Static   Flowing   Repelling   Positive

Please read this article and complete the work below in your journal

What Is Electricity?  By Brandi Waters

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¹     Electricity is a big part of our lives. It powers our lights. It can heat and cool our homes. It can make our televisions and computers work. It can even power our cars! We all use electricity every day, but what is it?
 ²     First, you have to know about atoms. All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are very small. They are so small that you cannot see them without a special microscope. Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and electrons both have an electrical charge. Protons have a positive charge. Electrons have a negative charge. Neutrons do not have a positive or a negative charge. Most atoms have the same number of protons and electrons. Protons and neutrons form the nucleus of the atom. The nucleus is at the center of an atom. Electrons circle around the nucleus like the planets orbit the sun.

Please copy this main idea and details graphic organizer in your journal and complete it there

 ³     Scientists have learned that electrons can move from one atom to another. This creates electricity. You can see electricity in many forms. Lightning is a form of electricity. When you pull a sweater over your hair or rub your feet on the carpet you create static electricity. Electricity can also be made by man. This is how we get electricity to use at our houses. There are many ways that it can be made. It can be made using energy from water flowing down at a dam. It can be made by using the power of the wind. It can also be made by burning fuel. After electricity has been made, it can be moved to other places. A wire is a way of moving electricity. Electrons move from atom to atom along the wire. This creates a current of electricity. Wires run from electrical power plants to homes, schools, and businesses. The wires carry electricity to power our lights and many of our electronic devices.
Copyright © 2011 edHelper

Please copy this main idea and details graphic organizer in your journal and complete it there
  

Assignment=Explain in your journal what you think a GOOD title for the last paragraph of the reading could be and why? 

Please copy this  assignment in your journal and complete it there

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What Is Electricity?

1. You have to know about ______ to understand what electricity is.   Lightning   Money   Atoms   Wires	2. ______ have a negative electrical charge.   Protons   Electrons   Neutrons   All of the above
3. Electricity can be made by ______.   Falling water   Burning fuel   Wind   All of the above	4. Electricity is created when______.
5. How is electricity brought to our homes?

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Date ___________________ Complete each sentence using the words in the word list. Electricity Electron Magnet Atom Insulator Proton Charge _______________ 1.   The movie was delayed for 30 minutes when the ____ went out. _______________ 2.   The old farmer used a windmill to make ____ for his house. _______________ 3.   ____ is transmitted from the battery to the engine through cables. _______________ 4.   Electrons are found outside the nucleus in the ____ cloud. _______________ 5.   The part of an atom that has a positive electric charge is the ____. _______________ 6.   An insulator is a material through which ____ connot travel. _______________ 7.   The neutron is the heaviest particle in the ____. _______________ 8.   The ____ attracted all the pins within its magnetic field. _______________ 9.   For ____ to flow, there must be a complete circuit. _______________ 10.   When an ____ bomb is exploded, there will be radioactive fallout. _______________ 11.   When two hydrogen atoms shared their electrons with an oxygen ____, they form the covalently bonded compound water. _______________ 12.   The ____ of the crowd sparked the basketball players and encourage them to be successful. _______________ 13.   The ____ of a proton is equal to that of an electron. _______________ 14.   Rubber is a good ____. _______________ 15.   The neutron is in the nucleus of the ____. _______________ 16.   The charge of a ____ is equal to that of an electron.

What Is Electricity?In your journal, Please Draw a picture of an atom with six protons, six neutrons, and six electrons. You have just drawn a picture of a carbon atom! Label a proton, a neutron, an electron, and the nucleus of the atom.

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What Is Electricity?In your journal, List as many reasons as you can think of using coal is a bad way of making electricity. Most of the electricity made in the United States comes from burning fuels, such as coal. Why do you think that people do not like this method of making electricity? List as many reasons as you can think of.

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Please copy this  assignment in your journal and complete it there

_____________________________

Date ___________________

Complete each sentence.

_______________	1.	Scientist uses atomic mass units to find the (Direct Current, proton, Alternative current) of a mass.
_______________	2.	Heat and friction can force some electrons to leave one (atom, Insulator, Electric current) and move to another.
_______________	3.	The force of the (Electromagnet induction, magnet, Electron) caused the paperclip to stick.
_______________	4.	(Neutron, Electron, Electricity) bills show how many killowatt-hours a house has used.
_______________	5.	An insulator is a material through which (Insulator, Magnet, electricity) connot travel.
_______________	6.	Water in a dam turns the turbines that causes the production of (Magnet, electricity, Atom) .
_______________	7.	There are power lines above our house to control the (electricity, Alternative current, induction) .
_______________	8.	A negatively charged rubber rod can pick up tiny pieces of paper by (Conductor, induction, Proton) .
_______________	9.	An (Conductor, insulator, Electricity) is used to surround an electric wire.
_______________	10.	A (Alternative current, Neutron, electron) has a negative electric charge.
_______________	11.	An (Conductor, electron, Electromagnet) has a negative electrical charge.
_______________	12.	Induced magnetism occurs when an object like, a nail is stuck to a (magnet, Voltage, Electric current) ..

 
Please copy this "cloze" assignment in your journal and complete it there

What Is Electricity?  By Brandi Waters

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schools both over work another move moving after matter charge moved electrical negative along fuel electronic current

Directions:  Fill in each blank with the word that best completes the reading comprehension.

     Electricity is a big part of our lives. It powers our lights. It can heat and cool our homes. It can make our televisions and computers (1)  _______________________  . It can even power our cars! We all use electricity every day, but what is it?
     First, you have to know about atoms. All (2)  _______________________   is made of atoms. Atoms are very small. They are so small that you cannot see them without a special microscope. Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and electrons (3)  _______________________   have an electrical charge. Protons have a positive charge. Electrons have a (4)  _______________________   (5)  _______________________  . Neutrons do not have a positive or a negative charge. Most atoms have the same number of protons and electrons. Protons and neutrons form the nucleus of the atom. The nucleus is at the center of an atom. Electrons circle around the nucleus like the planets orbit the sun.
     Scientists have learned that electrons can move from one atom to (6)  _______________________  . This creates electricity. You can see electricity in many forms. Lightning is a form of electricity. When you pull a sweater (7)  _______________________   your hair or rub your feet on the carpet you create static electricity. Electricity can also be made by man. This is how we get electricity to use at our houses. There are many ways that it can be made. It can be made using energy from water flowing down at a dam. It can be made by using the power of the wind. It can also be made by burning (8)  _______________________  . (9)  _______________________   electricity has been made, it can be(10)  _______________________   to other places. A wire is a way of (11)  _______________________   electricity. Electrons(12)  _______________________   from atom to atom (13)  _______________________   the wire. This creates a(14)  _______________________   of electricity. Wires run from (15)  _______________________   power plants to homes,(16)  _______________________  , and businesses. The wires carry electricity to power our lights and many of our(17)  _______________________   devices. 

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Copyright © 2011 edHelper

Please copy this assignment in your journal and complete it there

What Is Electricity?

1. You have to know about ______ to understand what electricity is.   Wires   Lightning   Atoms   Money	2. ______ have a negative electrical charge.   Protons   Electrons   Neutrons   All of the above
3. Electricity can be made by ______.   Falling water   Burning fuel   Wind   All of the above	4. Electricity is created when______.

Please copy this  assignment in your journal and complete it there

_____________________________

Date ___________________

Complete each sentence using the words in the word list.

Electromagnet Insulator Neutron Atom Electricity Electron Magnet

_______________	17.	An ____ that emits alpha particles loses protons and neurons.
_______________	18.	Turn off the current and the ____ will release the steel ball.
_______________	19.	An ____ with a negative charge will discharge its extra electrons and become neutral.
_______________	20.	My hair was full of static ____ after I brushed it .
_______________	21.	An ____ will only work if electricity is moving through the coils of wire.
_______________	22.	The elements had to exchange a ____ to be balanced.
_______________	23.	The ____ transport chain carries ATP to help produce glucose and oxygen.
_______________	24.	Atoms are so small that if you took a tiny piece of dust and cut it into a million pieces it would still be bigger than an ____.
_______________	25.	During a discharge, static ____ is changed to current electricity.
_______________	26.	The force of the ____ caused the paperclip to stick.
_______________	27.	An MRI machine uses an ____.
_______________	28.	An ____ uses electric current and creates motors.
_______________	29.	Plastic is a good ____ because it does not conduct an electric current.
_______________	30.	The force of the ____ allowed us to pick up metal objects.

Please copy this  assignment in your journal and complete it there

_____________________________

Date ___________________

Complete each sentence using the words in the word list.

Electromagnet Insulator Electron Magnet Electricity induction Neutron Atom

_______________	31.	Protons and electrons orbit around the nucleus of an ____.
_______________	32.	The ____ around the door stopped the cold air from entering the house.
_______________	33.	The two particles that make up the nucleus of an atom are the proton and the ____.
_______________	34.	In the colonial days, a turbine was used to generate ____.
_______________	35.	A ____ has a negative electrical charge.
_______________	36.	An ____ has a negative electrical charge.
_______________	37.	The rent is $300 plus ____.
_______________	38.	Water is a compound made of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen ____.
_______________	39.	If you put iron filings on glass above a ____ you can see the magnetic field.
_______________	40.	Electrons, protons and neutrons are all part of the ____.
_______________	41.	A generator changes mechanical or heat energy into ____.
_______________	42.	The paper clip moved across the desk because of the force of the large ____.
_______________	43.	Scientists use ____ microscopes to study microbes.
_______________	44.	A negatively charged rubber rod can pick up tiny pieces of paper by ____.
_______________	45.	An ____ is a temporary magnet.

Electrical Circuits  By Brandi Waters

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¹     You have already learned about electricity. You know that electricity is a stream of electrons moving from atom to atom. Electrons have a negative charge. They move toward atoms with a positive charge. When electrons move, electricity is made.
 

^{Assignment=Explain in your journal what you think a GOOD title for the last paragraph of the reading could be and why?} 

²     Electrons cannot jump across a distance. There must be a path for electrons to follow. The path must be a series of atoms that can accept an electron. We call this path a circuit. People have learned how to build and manipulate circuits to move electricity. We use circuits to bring electricity into our homes. We use circuits to move electricity through our computers, telephones, toys, and even our cars.

Please copy this main idea and details graphic organizer in your journal and complete it there

 

Please copy this  assignment in your journal and complete it there

_____________________________

Date ___________________

Complete each sentence.

_______________	13.	Member of the element family that has 1 valance (induction, Proton, electron) and are very reactive. They are soft, silvery - white and shiny
_______________	14.	Light energy is used to (Atom, charge, Neutron) solar panels.
_______________	15.	The charge of a proton is equal to that of an (Magnet, electron, Neutron) .
_______________	16.	A nuclear reactor uses radioactive fuel to create (electricity, Electromagnet, Conductor) .
_______________	17.	(Electric current, Electricity, Alternative current) is transmitted from the battery to the engine through cables.
_______________	18.	Atoms are so small that if you took a tiny piece of dust and cut it into a million pieces it would still be bigger than an (Direct Current, atom, Electricity) .
_______________	19.	An (Alternative current, electromagnet, Direct Current) will only work if electricity is moving through the coils of wire.
_______________	20.	We discovered that a tighter coil on a rivet will produce a stronger (Magnet, induction, electromagnet) .
_______________	21.	An electric wire needs an (insulator, Electromagnet, Voltage) wrapped around it.
_______________	22.	When Ms. Graves rubbed the balloon on Ariana's hair, the static (Electromagnet induction, Conductor, electricity) made Ariana's hair stand straight up.
_______________	23.	He used a (Insulator, magnet, Electric current) to pick up tiny pieces of iron.
_______________	24.	An (Conductor, electron, Charge) has a negative charge.

 ³     Every time you flip a light switch in your house, you are using a circuit. The light bulb glows when electrons are flowing through it. The light bulb only glows when the switch is on. This is because the circuit is complete when the switch is on. Wiring in your house forms a path for electricity to flow. The wires are attached to the light bulb. The wires are also connected to the switch on the wall. When the switch is turned off, there is a break in the circuit. When the circuit is broken, electricity cannot flow through the light bulb. When the switch is turned on, the switch forms a bridge that completes the circuit. Electrons can flow through the wires, through the switch, and through the light bulb. The light bulb glows and lights your room. Circuits help people control when and where electricity flows.
Copyright © 2011 edHelper

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Please copy this main idea and details graphic organizer in your journal and complete it there



Assignment=Explain in your journal what you think a GOOD title for the last paragraph of the reading could be and why? 


Electrical CircuitsPlease copy this assignment in your journal and complete it there

1. Electricity is ______.   Negatively charged   A stream of electrons   Made when electrons move from atom to atom   All of the above	2. Electrons flow on a path called ______.
3. People use electrical circuits to ______.   Control where electricity flows and when it is flowing   Control how much electricity is made   Make electrons jump to positively charged atoms   All of the above	4. When a switch in an electrical circuit is turned off, ______.
5. What is used to make the circuits, or paths that electricity can flow through, in our homes?   Electrons   Switches   Light bulbs   Wires

Please click this site below , hit enter, complete the electrical circuit reading and activity.

http://www.andythelwell.com/blobz/

NOW  take 15 or more notes about what you learned from the reading and activity.

Please copy this  assignment in your journal and complete it there

_____________________________

Date ___________________

Complete each sentence using the words in the word list.

Electromagnet Insulator Proton Atom Electricity Electron Charge

_______________	46.	Make a prediction of whether each item is a conductor or ____.
_______________	47.	The two particles that make up the nucleus of an ____ are the proton and the neutron.
_______________	48.	An atom that has lost or gained an ____ is called an ion.
_______________	49.	We need a ____ for the wire.
_______________	50.	A electron has a negative electrical ____.
_______________	51.	The ____ cloud is suspect.
_______________	52.	Ben was astonished to see ____ in action.
_______________	53.	The ____ transport chain phase separates the light reaction from the dark reaction as food is being made in plants.
_______________	54.	Scientists penetrated the secrets of the ____.
_______________	55.	The subatomic particles are smaller than the ____.
_______________	56.	Hybrid cars use a combination of ____ and gasoline to propel them.
_______________	57.	The shell of the atom is made by the movement of an ____.
_______________	58.	An ____ is formed when electricity is put through a coil of wire.
_______________	59.	When Ms. Graves rubbed the balloon on Ariana's hair, the static ____ made Ariana's hair stand straight up.
_______________	60.	The ____ has a positive electrical charge and resides in the nucleus.

Electrical CircuitsASSIGNMENT=In your journal,explain what a switch does in an electrical circuit. How does the circuit change when the switch is turned from on to off?

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